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- Battle_of_Vienna abstract "The Battle of Vienna (German: Schlacht am Kahlen Berge or Kahlenberg; Polish: bitwa pod Wiedniem or odsiecz wiedeńska; Modern Turkish: İkinci Viyana Kuşatması, Ottoman Turkish: Beç Ḳalʿası Muḥāṣarası) took place in Vienna on 11th and concluding on the 12th of September 1683 after the imperial city of Vienna had been besieged by the Ottoman Empire for two months. The battle was fought by the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nations in league with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (Holy League) against the invading Muslim Ottoman Empire and chiefdoms of the Ottoman Empire, and took place at Kahlenberg Mountain near Vienna. The battle marked the first time Poland and the Holy Roman Empire had cooperated militarily against the Turks, and it is often seen as a turning point in history, after which "the Ottoman Turks ceased to be a menace to the Christian world". In the ensuing war that lasted until 1698, the Turks lost almost all of Hungary to the Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I.The battle was won by the combined forces of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nations and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the latter represented only by the forces of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland. (The march of the Lithuanian army was delayed, and they reached Vienna after it had been relieved.) The Viennese garrison was led by Ernst Rüdiger Graf von Starhemberg, an Austrian subject of Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I. The overall command was held by the senior leader, the King of Poland, John III Sobieski, who led the Polish forces.The opposing military forces were those of Ottoman Empire and those of Ottoman fiefdoms commanded by Grand Vizier Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha. An Ottoman army of approximately 90,000–300,000 men began the siege on 14 July 1683. The Turkish forces consisted of 60 ortas of Janissaries (12,000 men paper-strength) with an observation army of c.70,000 men watching the countryside. The decisive battle took place on 11 September, after the united relief army of about 46,000 men had arrived.Historians suggest the battle marked the turning-point in the Ottoman–Habsburg wars, a 300-year struggle between the Holy Roman and Ottoman Empires. In fact, during the sixteen years following the battle, the Austrian Habsburgs gradually recovered and dominated southern Hungary and Transylvania, which had been largely cleared of Turkish forces. The battle is also noted for including the largest known cavalry charge in history.".
- Battle_of_Vienna causalties "Dead during battle: 4,500".
- Battle_of_Vienna causalties "Dead during siege: 12,000".
- Battle_of_Vienna combatant "*".
- Battle_of_Vienna combatant "*20pxCrimean Khanate".
- Battle_of_Vienna combatant "*22pxBavaria".
- Battle_of_Vienna combatant "*22pxFranconia".
- Battle_of_Vienna combatant "*22pxSwabia".
- Battle_of_Vienna combatant "*Austria".
- Battle_of_Vienna combatant "22pxHabsburg Hungary".
- Battle_of_Vienna combatant "22pxPolish-Lithuanian Commonwealth".
- Battle_of_Vienna combatant "Vassal:".
- Battle_of_Vienna commander Buda.
- Battle_of_Vienna commander Charles_V,_Duke_of_Lorraine.
- Battle_of_Vienna commander Diyarbakır.
- Battle_of_Vienna commander Ernst_Rüdiger_von_Starhemberg.
- Battle_of_Vienna commander Grand_Vizier.
- Battle_of_Vienna commander John_George_III,_Elector_of_Saxony.
- Battle_of_Vienna commander John_III_Sobieski.
- Battle_of_Vienna commander Julius_Francis,_Duke_of_Saxe-Lauenburg.
- Battle_of_Vienna commander Marcin_Kątski.
- Battle_of_Vienna commander Maximilian_II_Emanuel,_Elector_of_Bavaria.
- Battle_of_Vienna commander Mikołaj_Hieronim_Sieniawski.
- Battle_of_Vienna commander Murad_Giray.
- Battle_of_Vienna commander Prince_Georg_Friedrich_of_Waldeck.
- Battle_of_Vienna commander Stanisław_Jan_Jabłonowski.
- Battle_of_Vienna date "1683-09-12".
- Battle_of_Vienna isPartOfMilitaryConflict Great_Turkish_War.
- Battle_of_Vienna isPartOfMilitaryConflict Ottoman–Habsburg_wars.
- Battle_of_Vienna isPartOfMilitaryConflict Polish–Ottoman_War_(1683–99).
- Battle_of_Vienna place Austria.
- Battle_of_Vienna place Holy_Roman_Empire.
- Battle_of_Vienna place Vienna.
- Battle_of_Vienna result "* Coalition of Christians establishesHoly LeagueunderPope Innocent XIto further push back Ottoman Muslims".
- Battle_of_Vienna result "* Ottoman Turks suffer heavy losses and are severely weakened".
- Battle_of_Vienna result "* Siege of Vienna lifted".
- Battle_of_Vienna result "Decisive Christian Coalition victory".
- Battle_of_Vienna strength "130 field guns + 19 medium-calibercannons".
- Battle_of_Vienna strength "15,000 soldiers+ 8,700 volunteers".
- Battle_of_Vienna strength "15,000- 20,000 Poles".
- Battle_of_Vienna strength "370cannons".
- Battle_of_Vienna strength "50,000-60,000 Germans".
- Battle_of_Vienna strength "90,000–300,000".
- Battle_of_Vienna strength "A total of around 100,000 +".
- Battle_of_Vienna strength "Relief force".
- Battle_of_Vienna strength "Viennese garrison".
- Battle_of_Vienna territory Holy_League_(1684).
- Battle_of_Vienna territory Hungary.
- Battle_of_Vienna thumbnail Battle_of_Vienna_1683_11.PNG?width=300.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageExternalLink 912238.html.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageExternalLink PolishHorseArtillery.htm.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageExternalLink battle_of_vienna.html.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageExternalLink 0,1872,2392507,00.html.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageID "84274".
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageLength "42830".
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageOutDegree "242".
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageRevisionID "683596482".
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Archduchy_of_Austria.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Army_of_observation.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Austria.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Austrians.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Baden.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Bagel.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Bastion.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Parkany.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Párkány.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Bavaria.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Belgrade.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Black_Madonna_of_Częstochowa.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Blessed_Virgin.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Buda.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Cannon.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Cappuccino.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Capuchin_friar.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:1683_in_Austria.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:1683_in_the_Holy_Roman_Empire.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:1683_in_the_Ottoman_Empire.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:17th_century_in_Vienna.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:17th_century_in_the_Ottoman_Empire.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Austria–Turkey_relations.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Battles_involving_Austria.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Battles_involving_Moldavia.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Battles_involving_Poland.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Battles_involving_Wallachia.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Battles_involving_the_Holy_Roman_Empire.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Battles_involving_the_Ottoman_Empire.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Battles_of_the_Great_Turkish_War.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Cavalry_charges.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Conflicts_in_1683.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:History_of_Vienna.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Military_history_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Sieges_involving_the_Holy_Roman_Empire.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Sieges_involving_the_Ottoman_Empire.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Cavalry_charge.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Charge_(warfare).
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Charles_V,_Duke_of_Lorraine.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Coffee.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Coffeehouse.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Constellation.
- Battle_of_Vienna wikiPageWikiLink Counter-Reformation.