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- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke abstract "Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, 438 U.S. 265 (1978) was a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States. It upheld affirmative action, allowing race to be one of several factors in college admission policy. However, the court ruled that specific quotas, such as the 16 out of 100 seats set aside for minority students by the University of California, Davis School of Medicine, were impermissible.Although the Supreme Court had outlawed segregation in schools, and had even ordered school districts to take steps to assure integration, the question of the legality of voluntary affirmative action programs initiated by universities was unresolved. Proponents deemed such programs necessary to make up for past discrimination, while opponents believed they were illegal and a violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. An earlier case that the Supreme Court had taken in an attempt to address the issue, DeFunis v. Odegaard (1974), was dismissed on procedural grounds.Allan P. Bakke, an engineer and former Marine officer, sought admission to medical school, but was rejected for admission by several, in part because, in his early thirties, he was considered too old. After twice being rejected by U.C.-Davis, he brought suit in state court. The California Supreme Court struck down the program as violative of the rights of white applicants and ordered Bakke admitted. The U.S. Supreme Court accepted the case amid wide public attention.The case fractured the court; the nine justices issued a total of six opinions. The judgment of the court was written by Justice Lewis Powell; two different blocs of four justices joined various parts of Powell's opinion. Finding diversity in the classroom to be a compelling state interest, Powell opined that affirmative action in general was allowed under the Constitution and the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Nevertheless, U.C.-Davis's program went too far for a majority of justices, and it was struck down and Bakke admitted. The practical effect of Bakke was that most affirmative action programs continued without change. Questions about whether the Bakke case was merely a plurality opinion or binding precedent were answered in 2003 when the court upheld Powell's position in a majority opinion in Grutter v. Bollinger.".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke wikiPageExternalLink getcase.pl?navby=CASE&court=US&vol=438&page=265.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke wikiPageExternalLink search=%22Allan%20Bakke%20mother-in-law%22.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke wikiPageExternalLink case.html.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke wikiPageExternalLink 1977_76_811.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke wikiPageID "169477".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke wikiPageRevisionID "605226375".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke arguedate "--10-12".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke argueyear "1977".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke case "Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, 438 U.S. 265".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke citation "172800.0".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke dissent "Blackmun".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke dissent "Brennan, White, Marshall, Blackmun".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke dissent "Marshall".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke dissent "Stevens".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke dissent "White".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke decidedate "--06-28".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke decideyear "1978".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke findlaw getcase.pl?navby=CASE&court=US&vol=438&page=265.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke fullname "Regents of the University of California v. Allan Bakke".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke hasPhotoCollection Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke holding "Bakke was ordered admitted to U.C.-Davis Medical School, and the school's practice of reserving 16 seats for minority students was struck down. Judgment of the Supreme Court of California reversed insofar as it forbids the university from taking race into account in admissions.".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke dissent "Burger, Stewart, Rehnquist".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke joinmajority "Brennan, White, Marshall, and Blackmun. Burger, Stewart, Rehnquist, and Stevens joined in the part of the judgment finding U.C.-Davis's affirmative action program unconstitutional and ordering Bakke admitted.".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke joinplurality "White".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke justia case.html.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke lawsapplied Fourteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke lawsapplied "Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke litigants "Regents of the University of California v. Bakke".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke majority "Powell".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke plurality "Powell".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke prior "17280.0".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke scotus "1975".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke uspage "265".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke usvol "438".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke subject Category:1978_in_United_States_case_law.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke subject Category:1978_in_education.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke subject Category:United_States_Supreme_Court_cases.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke subject Category:United_States_affirmative_action_case_law.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke subject Category:United_States_education_case_law.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke subject Category:University_of_California_litigation.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke type Case.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke type LegalCase.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke type SupremeCourtOfTheUnitedStatesCase.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke type UnitOfWork.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke type Event.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke type Situation.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke comment "Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, 438 U.S. 265 (1978) was a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States. It upheld affirmative action, allowing race to be one of several factors in college admission policy.".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke label "Regents of the University of California v. Bakke".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke label "加州大学董事会诉巴基案".
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke sameAs 캘리포니아_주립대_대_바키_사건.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke sameAs m.016pz5.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke sameAs Q7308137.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke sameAs Q7308137.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke wasDerivedFrom Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke?oldid=605226375.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke isPrimaryTopicOf Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke.
- Regents_of_the_University_of_California_v._Bakke name "Regents of the University of California v. Allan Bakke".