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- Old_Temple_of_Athena abstract "The Old Temple of Athena was an Archaic temple located on the Acropolis of Athens. Until its destruction by the Persians in 480 BC, it was the shrine of Athena Polias, the patron deity of the city of Athens. It was located at the centre of the Acropolis plateau, probably on the remains of a Mycenaean palace. Apart from its in-situ foundations, numerous architectural members in the Doric order belonging to its different construction phases have been found. The complex is sometimes described by the name "Dörpfeld foundations", after the archaeologist who first studied it.The foundations suggest the following basic description: The temple measured 21.3 by 43.15 m, on a west-east orientation. It was surrounded by a peristasis of 6 by 12 columns. The difference between column axes was 4.04 m, narrowed by 0.31 m at the corners. The stylobate was slightly curved, whether this also applied to the superstructure remains unclear. In the pronaos and opisthodomos, two columns each stood between short antae. The cella was very short, in fact nearly square, and subdivided in three aisles by two rows of three columns each. The back of the temple was subdivided into a wide rectangular opisthodomus followed by a pair of side-by-side rooms. The foundations were composed of various materials and constructed in varying techniques. While the load-bearing parts and internal supports were made of blue Acropolis limestone, the foundations of the surrounding peristasis were of poros limestone. The superstructure and decorative pieces also appear to have been made from a variety of materials, including 'porous' and Parian marble.Because of those variations, the reconstruction of the temple's architectural history remains controversial. Wilhelm Dörpfeld assumed that the original structure was a double temple in antis, dating to about 570 BC, lengthened and broadened by the addition of the peristasis under Peisistratus, between 529 and 520 BC. This idea led to a subdivision of the foundations into an inner smaller structure known as H-Architektur and assumed to be the oldest part of the building, followed by a structure still described as the "Old Temple of Athena", inccorporating the H-Architektur as well as the peristasis.The H-Architektur is assumed to be from circa 570 BC. Based on its dimensions, architectural elements have been attributed to it, such as straight and diagonal simas of Parian marble, and capitals as well as a geison depicting flying birds, of poros. Further elements likely to be attributable to the early structure because of their size and style include metopes of Parian marble, monumental poros pediments depicting fighting lions, and ion the corners on the east side Herakles on the left and the "triple-bodied" figure on the right. A group of very squat and broad capitals with wide echinus are also ascribed to the early structure, suggesting that it had a hexastyle peristasis.The Old Temple of Athena as a separate structure is often dated to circa 510/500 BC. Its dimensions are identified as those of the entirety of the foundations excavated by Dörpfeld. Features ascribed to it include: entablature and sima of Parian marble, poros capitals with a steeper echinus, a marble frieze depicting a procession, and marble waterspouts in each of the four corners, shaped as lions' and rams' heads. The pedimental sculptures, now free-standing for the first time, depicted a gigantomachy in the east and a scene of lions killing a bull in the west. Of the gigantomachy, parts of the figures of Athena, of Zeus, and of a falling enemy are preserved.The temple, which contained the ancient xoanon or wooden statue of Athena, believed to have fallen from the sky, was destroyed in the Persian sack of 480 BC. It remains controversial whether a partial restoration followed this. Herodotus mentions a west-facing megaron on the Acropolis. This reference, as well as a structure listed in an inscription have been interpreted as evidence that the opisthodomus of the Old Temple remained in place through the fifth century. Xenophon states that the Old Temple of Athena burned down in 406/405 BC, but this might also refer to the Erechtheion, which had taken over the functions of the Old Temple and housed the xoanon. From the 4th century BC onwards, there are no possible references to the Old Temple; Pausanias was not aware of its existence.".
- Old_Temple_of_Athena thumbnail Friso.jpg?width=300.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena wikiPageExternalLink Athens.htm.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena wikiPageExternalLink acropolis-old-temple-of-athena-gr-ath-attem.htm.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena wikiPageID "10109465".
- Old_Temple_of_Athena wikiPageRevisionID "600243678".
- Old_Temple_of_Athena hasPhotoCollection Old_Temple_of_Athena.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena subject Category:6th-century_BC_religious_buildings.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena subject Category:Ancient_Greek_buildings_and_structures_in_Athens.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena subject Category:Archaic_Athens.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena subject Category:Former_buildings_and_structures_in_Greece.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena subject Category:Temples_in_ancient_Athens.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena subject Category:Temples_of_Athena.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena type AncientGreekBuildingsAndStructuresInAthens.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena type Artifact100021939.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena type Building102913152.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena type FormerBuildingsAndStructuresOfGreece.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena type Object100002684.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena type PlaceOfWorship103953416.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena type Structure104341686.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena type Temple104407435.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena type TemplesInAncientAthens.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena type TemplesOfAthena.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena type Whole100003553.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena type YagoGeoEntity.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena type YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena comment "The Old Temple of Athena was an Archaic temple located on the Acropolis of Athens. Until its destruction by the Persians in 480 BC, it was the shrine of Athena Polias, the patron deity of the city of Athens. It was located at the centre of the Acropolis plateau, probably on the remains of a Mycenaean palace. Apart from its in-situ foundations, numerous architectural members in the Doric order belonging to its different construction phases have been found.".
- Old_Temple_of_Athena label "Alter Athena-Tempel".
- Old_Temple_of_Athena label "Ancien temple d'Athéna".
- Old_Temple_of_Athena label "Antico tempio di Atena Poliàs".
- Old_Temple_of_Athena label "Antiguo templo de Atenea".
- Old_Temple_of_Athena label "Old Temple of Athena".
- Old_Temple_of_Athena label "Oude Athenatempel".
- Old_Temple_of_Athena label "Гекатомпедон".
- Old_Temple_of_Athena sameAs Alter_Athena-Tempel.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena sameAs Ιερό_της_Πολιάδος_Αθηνάς.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena sameAs Antiguo_templo_de_Atenea.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena sameAs Ancien_temple_d'Athéna.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena sameAs Antico_tempio_di_Atena_Poliàs.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena sameAs Oude_Athenatempel.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena sameAs m.02q23ht.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena sameAs 8354434.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena sameAs Q683988.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena sameAs Q683988.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena sameAs Old_Temple_of_Athena.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena wasDerivedFrom Old_Temple_of_Athena?oldid=600243678.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena depiction Friso.jpg.
- Old_Temple_of_Athena isPrimaryTopicOf Old_Temple_of_Athena.