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- Cardinal_Richelieu abstract "Armand Jean du Plessis, cardinal-duc de Richelieu et de Fronsac (French pronunciation: [ʁiʃəljø]; 9 September 1585 – 4 December 1642) was a French clergyman, noble and statesman.Consecrated as a bishop in 1608, he later entered politics, becoming a Secretary of State in 1616. Richelieu soon rose in both the Catholic Church and the French government, becoming a Cardinal in 1622, and King Louis XIII's chief minister in 1624. He remained in office until his death in 1642; he was succeeded by Cardinal Mazarin, whose career he had fostered.The Cardinal de Richelieu was often known by the title of the King's "Chief Minister" or "First Minister". As a result, he is considered to be the world's first Prime Minister, in the modern sense of the term. He sought to consolidate royal power and crush domestic factions. By restraining the power of the nobility, he transformed France into a strong, centralized state. His chief foreign policy objective was to check the power of the Austro-Spanish Habsburg dynasty, and to ensure French dominance in the Thirty Years' War that engulfed Europe. Although he was a cardinal, he did not hesitate to make alliances with Protestant rulers in attempting to achieve his goals.Richelieu was also famous for his patronage of the arts; most notably, he founded the Académie Française, the learned society responsible for matters pertaining to the French language. Richelieu is also known by the sobriquet l'Éminence rouge ("the Red Eminence"), from the red shade of a cardinal's clerical dress and the style "eminence" as a cardinal.As an advocate for Samuel de Champlain and of the retention of New France, he founded the Compagnie des Cent-Associés and saw the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye return Quebec City to French rule under Champlain, after the settlement had been captured by the Kirkes in 1629. This in part allowed the colony to eventually develop into the heartland of Francophone culture in North America.He is also a leading character in The Three Musketeers by Alexandre Dumas and its subsequent film adaptations, portrayed as a main antagonist, and a powerful ruler, even more powerful than the King himself, though events like the Day of the Dupes show that in fact he very much depended on the King's confidence to keep this power.".
- Cardinal_Richelieu almaMater College_of_Navarre.
- Cardinal_Richelieu birthDate "1585-09-09".
- Cardinal_Richelieu deathDate "1642-12-04".
- Cardinal_Richelieu nationality Early_modern_France.
- Cardinal_Richelieu religion Catholic_Church.
- Cardinal_Richelieu thumbnail Cardinal_de_Richelieu.jpg?width=300.
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- Cardinal_Richelieu almaMater Collège_de_Navarre.
- Cardinal_Richelieu appointed "1606-12-18".
- Cardinal_Richelieu birthDate "1585-09-09".
- Cardinal_Richelieu birthPlace France.
- Cardinal_Richelieu birthPlace Paris.
- Cardinal_Richelieu caption "Portrait of Cardinal Richelieu, 1637, Philippe de Champaigne".
- Cardinal_Richelieu cardinal "1622-09-05".
- Cardinal_Richelieu cardinalName "Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal de Richelieu".
- Cardinal_Richelieu coatOfArms "Coat of Arms of Cardinal Richelieu.svg".
- Cardinal_Richelieu consecratedBy Anne_d'Escars_de_Givry.
- Cardinal_Richelieu consecration "1607-04-17".
- Cardinal_Richelieu dateCreatedCardinal "1622-09-05".
- Cardinal_Richelieu dateOfConsecration "1607-04-17".
- Cardinal_Richelieu deathDate "1642-12-04".
- Cardinal_Richelieu deathPlace "Paris, France".
- Cardinal_Richelieu diocese "Luçon".
- Cardinal_Richelieu dipstyle "His Eminence".
- Cardinal_Richelieu hasPhotoCollection Cardinal_Richelieu.
- Cardinal_Richelieu honorificPrefix "His Grand Eminence".
- Cardinal_Richelieu metropolis Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Bordeaux.
- Cardinal_Richelieu name "Armand-Jean Cardinal du Plessis de Richelieu".
- Cardinal_Richelieu nationality Early_modern_France.
- Cardinal_Richelieu offstyle "Your Eminence".
- Cardinal_Richelieu otherPost "Duke of RichelieuDuke of FronsacChief Minister of the French King".
- Cardinal_Richelieu predecessor Alphonse-Louis_du_Plessis_de_Richelieu.
- Cardinal_Richelieu previousPost "Territorial abbot Coadjutor of Cluny Territorial abbot of Cluny".
- Cardinal_Richelieu profession Nobility.
- Cardinal_Richelieu profession Wikt:statesman.
- Cardinal_Richelieu rank "Cardinal-Priest".
- Cardinal_Richelieu religion Catholic_Church.
- Cardinal_Richelieu see "Luçon".
- Cardinal_Richelieu signature "Cardinal Richelieu Signature.svg".
- Cardinal_Richelieu successor Cardinal_Mazarin.
- Cardinal_Richelieu termEnd "1624-04-29".
- Cardinal_Richelieu termStart "1607-04-17".
- Cardinal_Richelieu title List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_France.
- Cardinal_Richelieu title Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Luçon.
- Cardinal_Richelieu type "cardinal".
- Cardinal_Richelieu wordnet_type synset-incumbent-noun-1.
- Cardinal_Richelieu years "1624".
- Cardinal_Richelieu subject Category:1585_births.
- Cardinal_Richelieu subject Category:1642_deaths.
- Cardinal_Richelieu subject Category:Alexandre_Dumas_characters.
- Cardinal_Richelieu subject Category:Bishops_of_Luçon.
- Cardinal_Richelieu subject Category:Deaths_from_tuberculosis.
- Cardinal_Richelieu subject Category:Dukes_of_Richelieu.
- Cardinal_Richelieu subject Category:French_Foreign_Ministers.
- Cardinal_Richelieu subject Category:French_Roman_Catholics.
- Cardinal_Richelieu subject Category:French_cardinals.
- Cardinal_Richelieu subject Category:French_people_of_the_Thirty_Years'_War.
- Cardinal_Richelieu subject Category:French_politicians.
- Cardinal_Richelieu subject Category:Peers_of_France.
- Cardinal_Richelieu subject Category:Politicians_from_Paris.
- Cardinal_Richelieu subject Category:Prime_Ministers_of_France.
- Cardinal_Richelieu subject Category:University_of_Paris_alumni.
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