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• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) abstract "In phylogenetics, maximum parsimony is an optimality criterion under which the phylogenetic tree that minimizes the total number of character-state changes is to be preferred. Under the maximum-parsimony criterion, the optimal tree will minimize the amount of homoplasy (i.e., convergent evolution, parallel evolution, and evolutionary reversals). In other words, under this criterion, the shortest possible tree that explains the data is considered best. The principle is akin to Occam's razor, which states that—all else being equal—the simplest hypothesis that explains the data should be selected. Some of the basic ideas behind maximum parsimony were presented by James S. Farris in 1970 and Walter M. Fitch in 1971.Maximum parsimony is an intuitive and simple criterion, and it is popular for this reason. However, although it is easy to score a phylogenetic tree (by counting the number of character-state changes), there is no algorithm to quickly generate the most-parsimonious tree. Instead, the most-parsimonious tree must be found in \"tree space\" (i.e., amongst all possible trees). For a small number of taxa (i.e., fewer than nine) it is possible to do an exhaustive search, in which every possible tree is scored, and the best one is selected. For nine to twenty taxa, it will generally be preferable to use branch-and-bound, which is also guaranteed to return the best tree. For greater numbers of taxa, a heuristic search must be performed.Because the most-parsimonious tree is always the shortest possible tree, this means that—in comparison to the \"true\" tree that actually describes the evolutionary history of the organisms under study—the \"best\" tree according to the maximum-parsimony criterion will often underestimate the actual evolutionary change that has occurred. In addition, maximum parsimony is not statistically consistent. That is, it is not guaranteed to produce the true tree with high probability, given sufficient data. As demonstrated in 1978 by Joe Felsenstein, maximum parsimony can be inconsistent under certain conditions, such as long-branch attraction.".
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageID "1130020".
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageLength "43170".
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageOutDegree "118".
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageRevisionID "692801311".
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Adenine.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Agreement_subtrees.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Allele.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Allele_frequency.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Amino_acid.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Atavism.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Bayesian_inference_in_phylogeny.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Bootstrapping_(statistics).
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Branch_and_bound.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Bremer_support.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Brute-force_search.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Category:Computational_phylogenetics.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Category:Phylogenetics.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Cetacea.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Character_states.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Circular_reasoning.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Cladistics.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Cladistics_(journal).
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Computational_phylogenetics.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Confidence_interval.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Consensus_trees.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Consistent_estimator.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Convergent_evolution.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Cytosine.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink DNA–DNA_hybridization.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Decay_index.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Distance_matrices_in_phylogeny.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Distance_matrix.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Double-decay_analysis.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Empirical_evidence.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Evolutionary_reversal.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink File:LongBranch.png.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Genetic_code.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Genetic_distance.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Genotype.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Guanine.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Heuristic.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Hill_climbing.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Homology_(biology).
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Immunological_distance.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink In_vitro.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Joseph_Felsenstein.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Local_optimum.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Long_branch_attraction.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Majority_Rule_Consensus.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Matrix_(mathematics).
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Maximum_likelihood.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Models_of_DNA_evolution.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Monophyly.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink NP-hardness.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Nature_(journal).
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Neighbor_joining.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Nonparametric_statistics.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Nucleic_acid_sequence.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Occams_razor.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Ontogeny.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Optimality_criterion.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink P-value.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Paleontology.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Parallel_evolution.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Parsimony_ratchet.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Peptide_sequence.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Phenetics.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Phenotype.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Phylogenetic_comparative_methods.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Phylogenetic_tree.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Phylogenetic_trunk.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Phylogenetics.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Population.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Proportionality_(mathematics).
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Pruned_agreement_subtrees.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Reduced_consensus.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Resampling_(statistics).
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Residue_(chemistry).
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Safe_taxonomic_reduction.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Sequence.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Sequence_gap.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Sequencing.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Soft_tissue.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Species.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Statistics.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Successive_weighting.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Symplesiomorphy.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Taxicab_geometry.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Taxon.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Testicle.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Thymine.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Tree_rearrangement.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Uracil.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink Walter_M._Fitch.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLink William_of_Ockham.
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLinkText "Maximum parsimony (phylogenetics)".
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLinkText "character state matrices".
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLinkText "enlarged".
• Maximum_parsimony_(phylogenetics) wikiPageWikiLinkText "maximum parsimony".

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