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• Henry_III_of_England abstract "Henry III (1 October 1207 – 16 November 1272), also known as Henry of Winchester, was King of England, Lord of Ireland and Duke of Aquitaine from 1216 until his death. The son of King John and Isabella of Angoulême, Henry assumed the throne when he was only nine in the middle of the First Barons' War. Cardinal Guala declared the war against the rebel barons to be a religious crusade and Henry's forces, led by William Marshal, defeated the rebels at the battles of Lincoln and Sandwich in 1217. Henry promised to abide by the Great Charter of 1225, which limited royal power and protected the rights of the major barons. His early rule was dominated first by Hubert de Burgh and then Peter des Roches, who reestablished royal authority after the war. In 1230 the King attempted to reconquer the provinces of France that had once belonged to his father, but the invasion was a debacle. A revolt led by William Marshal's son, Richard, broke out in 1232, ending in a peace settlement negotiated by the Church.Following the revolt, Henry ruled England personally, rather than governing through senior ministers. He travelled less than previous monarchs, investing heavily in a handful of his favourite palaces and castles. He married Eleanor of Provence, with whom he had five children. Henry was known for his piety, holding lavish religious ceremonies and giving generously to charities; the King was particularly devoted to the figure of Edward the Confessor, whom he adopted as his patron saint. He extracted huge sums of money from the Jews in England, ultimately crippling their ability to do business, and as attitudes towards the Jews hardened, he introduced the Statute of Jewry, attempting to segregate the community. In a fresh attempt to reclaim his family's lands in France, he invaded Poitou in 1242, leading to the disastrous Battle of Taillebourg. After this, Henry relied on diplomacy, cultivating an alliance with Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II. Henry supported his brother Richard in his bid to become King of the Romans in 1256, but was unable to place his own son Edmund on the throne of Sicily, despite investing large amounts of money. He planned to go on crusade to the Levant, but was prevented from doing so by rebellions in Gascony.By 1258, Henry's rule was increasingly unpopular, the result of the failure of his expensive foreign policies and the notoriety of his Poitevin half-brothers, the Lusignans, as well as the role of his local officials in collecting taxes and debts. A coalition of his barons, initially probably backed by Eleanor, seized power in a coup d'état and expelled the Poitevins from England, reforming the royal government through a process called the Provisions of Oxford. Henry and the baronial government enacted a peace with France in 1259, under which Henry gave up his rights to his other lands in France in return for King Louis IX of France recognising him as the rightful ruler of Gascony. The baronial regime collapsed but Henry was unable to reform a stable government and instability across England continued.In 1263 one of the more radical barons, Simon de Montfort, seized power, resulting in the Second Barons' War. Henry persuaded Louis to support his cause and mobilised an army. The Battle of Lewes occurred in 1264, where Henry was defeated and taken prisoner. Henry's eldest son, Edward, escaped from captivity to defeat de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham the following year and freed his father. Henry initially enacted a harsh revenge on the remaining rebels, but was persuaded by the Church to mollify his policies through the Dictum of Kenilworth. Reconstruction was slow and Henry had to acquiesce to various measures, including further suppression of the Jews, to maintain baronial and popular support. Henry died in 1272, leaving Edward as his successor. He was buried in Westminster Abbey, which he had rebuilt in the second half of his reign, and was moved to his current tomb in 1290. Some miracles were declared after his death but he was not canonised.".
• Henry_III_of_England activeYearsEndYear "1216".
• Henry_III_of_England activeYearsStartYear "0019".
• Henry_III_of_England birthDate "1207-10-01".
• Henry_III_of_England birthPlace Winchester_Castle.
• Henry_III_of_England birthYear "1207".
• Henry_III_of_England deathDate "1272-11-16".
• Henry_III_of_England deathPlace Westminster.
• Henry_III_of_England deathYear "1272".
• Henry_III_of_England parent Isabella_of_Angoulême.
• Henry_III_of_England parent John,_King_of_England.
• Henry_III_of_England predecessor John,_King_of_England.
• Henry_III_of_England restingPlace Westminster_Abbey.
• Henry_III_of_England spouse Eleanor_of_Provence.
• Henry_III_of_England successor Edward_I_of_England.
• Henry_III_of_England thumbnail Henry_III_funeral_head.jpg?width=300.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageID "46591".
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageLength "144164".
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageOutDegree "397".
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageRevisionID "680752146".
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Adelaide_of_Maurienne.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Adulterine_castle.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Aenor_de_Châtellerault.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Aimery_I,_Viscount_of_Châtellerault.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Aimery_I_of_Châtellerault.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Albigensian_Crusade.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_III_of_Scotland.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_II_of_Scotland.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Alfonso_X_of_Castile.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Alice_of_Courtenay.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Angevin_Empire.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Angevin_empire.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Anglo-Saxon.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Anglo-Saxons.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Antisemitism.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Aymer_of_Angoulême.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Al_Mansurah.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Evesham.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Lewes.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Lincoln_(1217).
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Sandwich_(1217).
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Taillebourg.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Beatrice_of_England.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Beatrice_of_Savoy.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Bedford_Castle.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Bishop_of_Lincoln.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Bishop_of_Winchester.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Blanche_of_Castile.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Blood_libel.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Boniface_of_Savoy_(bishop).
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Brass.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Bromholm_Priory.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Burgundy.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Canonization.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Canterbury.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Canterbury_Cathedral.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Castles_in_Great_Britain_and_Ireland.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:1207_births.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:1272_deaths.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:13th-century_monarchs_in_Europe.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Burials_at_Westminster_Abbey.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Dukes_of_Normandy.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:English_monarchs.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:English_people_of_French_descent.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:English_people_of_Scottish_descent.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:House_of_Plantagenet.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Medieval_child_rulers.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:People_from_Winchester.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:People_of_the_Barons_Wars.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Charles_I_of_England.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Charles_the_Simple.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Charter_of_the_Forest.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Cheshire.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Christianity_in_England.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink City_of_London.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Confessor.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Corfe_Castle.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Corolla_(chaplet).
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Count_of_Ponthieu.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Count_of_Provence.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Counts_and_dukes_of_Anjou.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink County_of_Anjou.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink County_of_Chester.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink County_of_La_Marche.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink County_of_Savoy.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Crusade.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Crusades.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Dafydd_ap_Llywelyn.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Dangereuse_de_lIsle_Bouchard.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Dangerose_de_lIsle_Bouchard.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Dante_Alighieri.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink David_Carpenter_(historian).
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Degenerative_disease.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Denmark.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Dictum_of_Kenilworth.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Divine_Comedy.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Dominican_Order.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Domus_Conversorum.
• Henry_III_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Dover_Castle.

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