Matches in DBpedia 2015-10 for { ?s ?p "In the history of cryptanalysis, Room 40, also known as 40 O.B. (Old Building) (latterly NID25) was the section in the British Admiralty most identified with the British cryptoanalysis effort during the First World War.Room 40 was a group formed in October 1914, shortly after the start of the war. Admiral Oliver, the Director of Naval Intelligence, gave intercepts from the German radio station at Nauen, near Berlin, to Director of Naval Education Alfred Ewing, who constructed ciphers as a hobby. Ewing recruited civilians such as William Montgomery, a translator of theological works from German, and Nigel de Grey, a publisher.The basis of Room 40 operations evolved around a German naval codebook, the Signalbuch der Kaiserlichen Marine (SKM), and around maps (containing coded squares), which Britain's Russian allies had passed on to the Admiralty. The Russians had seized this material from the German cruiser Magdeburg when it ran aground off the Estonian coast on 26 August 1914. Russian personnel recovered two of the four copies that the warship had carried: they retained one and passed the other to the British.In October 1914 the British also obtained the Imperial German Navy's Handelsschiffsverkehrsbuch (HVB), a codebook used by German naval warships, merchantmen, naval zeppelins and U-Boats: the Royal Australian Navy seized a copy from the Australian-German steamer Hobart on 11 October. On 30 November a British trawler recovered a safe from the sunken German destroyer S-119, in which was found the Verkehrsbuch (VB), the code used by the Germans to communicate with naval attachés, embassies and warships overseas.In March 1915 a British detachment impounded the luggage of Wilhelm Wassmuss - a German agent in Persia - and shipped it, unopened, to London, where then-Director of Naval Intelligence Admiral Sir William Reginald Hall discovered that it contained the German Diplomatic Code Book, Code No. 13040.The function of the Room 40 program was compromised by the Admiralty's insistence upon interpreting Room 40 information in its own way. Room 40 operators were permitted to decrypt, but not to interpret the information they acquired.The section retained "Room 40" as its informal name even though it expanded during the war and moved into other offices. It has been estimatedTemplate:By whom? that Room 40 decrypted around 15,000 German communications, the section being provided with copies of all intercepted communications traffic, including wireless and telegraph traffic.Alfred Ewing directed Room 40 until May 1917, when direct control passed to Captain (later Admiral) Reginald 'Blinker' Hall, assisted by William Milbourne James."@en }
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- Room_40 abstract "In the history of cryptanalysis, Room 40, also known as 40 O.B. (Old Building) (latterly NID25) was the section in the British Admiralty most identified with the British cryptoanalysis effort during the First World War.Room 40 was a group formed in October 1914, shortly after the start of the war. Admiral Oliver, the Director of Naval Intelligence, gave intercepts from the German radio station at Nauen, near Berlin, to Director of Naval Education Alfred Ewing, who constructed ciphers as a hobby. Ewing recruited civilians such as William Montgomery, a translator of theological works from German, and Nigel de Grey, a publisher.The basis of Room 40 operations evolved around a German naval codebook, the Signalbuch der Kaiserlichen Marine (SKM), and around maps (containing coded squares), which Britain's Russian allies had passed on to the Admiralty. The Russians had seized this material from the German cruiser Magdeburg when it ran aground off the Estonian coast on 26 August 1914. Russian personnel recovered two of the four copies that the warship had carried: they retained one and passed the other to the British.In October 1914 the British also obtained the Imperial German Navy's Handelsschiffsverkehrsbuch (HVB), a codebook used by German naval warships, merchantmen, naval zeppelins and U-Boats: the Royal Australian Navy seized a copy from the Australian-German steamer Hobart on 11 October. On 30 November a British trawler recovered a safe from the sunken German destroyer S-119, in which was found the Verkehrsbuch (VB), the code used by the Germans to communicate with naval attachés, embassies and warships overseas.In March 1915 a British detachment impounded the luggage of Wilhelm Wassmuss - a German agent in Persia - and shipped it, unopened, to London, where then-Director of Naval Intelligence Admiral Sir William Reginald Hall discovered that it contained the German Diplomatic Code Book, Code No. 13040.The function of the Room 40 program was compromised by the Admiralty's insistence upon interpreting Room 40 information in its own way. Room 40 operators were permitted to decrypt, but not to interpret the information they acquired.The section retained "Room 40" as its informal name even though it expanded during the war and moved into other offices. It has been estimatedTemplate:By whom? that Room 40 decrypted around 15,000 German communications, the section being provided with copies of all intercepted communications traffic, including wireless and telegraph traffic.Alfred Ewing directed Room 40 until May 1917, when direct control passed to Captain (later Admiral) Reginald 'Blinker' Hall, assisted by William Milbourne James.".